The codes used are:
| Code | Meaning |
|---|---|
| D | Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) |
| R | Running or runnable (on run queue) |
| S | Interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete) |
| T | Stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced. |
| W | paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel) |
| X | dead (should never be seen) |
| Z | Defunct (“zombie”) process, terminated but not reaped by its parent. |
For BSD formats and when the stat keyword is used, additional characters may be displayed:
| Code | Meaning |
|---|---|
| < | high-priority (not nice to other users) |
| N | low-priority (nice to other users) |
| L | has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO) |
| s | is a session leader |
| l | is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do) |
| + | is in the foreground process group |
D state occurs then the process is in uninterruptible sleep. This state is bad, because you can't do anything with the process in D state.
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